Adenoidectomy

What is Adenoidectomy (Adenoid Removal Surgery)?

Adenoids are lymphoid tissues located in the upper part of the throat, behind the nasal cavity. They play an important role in the immune system during early childhood by helping the body fight pathogens that enter through the nose and mouth. However, in some children, enlarged adenoids can lead to breathing, hearing, and developmental problems. In such cases, surgical removal of the adenoids may be necessary—a procedure known as Adenoidectomy.

When Do Enlarged Adenoids Cause Problems?

Physiologically, adenoids are active and relatively large between the ages of 3 and 7. Normally, they begin to shrink after puberty. In certain children, however, they may become pathologically enlarged, leading to anatomical obstruction and secondary complications.

Common Symptoms of Enlarged Adenoids:

• Persistent mouth breathing
• Nasal congestion and post-nasal drip
• Snoring and restless sleep
• Sleep apnea (temporary breathing pauses at night)
• Frequent ear infections (Otitis media)
• Fluid buildup in the ear and hearing loss
• Speech and learning difficulties
• Facial growth abnormalities (adenoid face)

When is Adenoidectomy Necessary?

Adenoid removal surgery is not solely performed due to enlargement, but primarily when it leads to functional impairments and recurrent infections.

 Indications for Adenoidectomy

How is Adenoidectomy Performed?

Adenoidectomy is performed under general anesthesia using either classical or endoscopic techniques. It is done through the mouth and does not require any external skin incisions.

Surgical Techniques:

• Traditional curettage method
• Endoscopic adenoidectomy (with visual guidance)
• Radiofrequency or plasma knife method

The surgery typically lasts 15–30 minutes. If necessary, tonsillectomy or ear tube insertion can be performed in the same session.

Postoperative Process and Recovery

Recovery after adenoid removal is usually smooth, especially in children. Most patients can go home the same day and return to school within 2–3 days.

Postoperative Care Recommendations:

• Ensure adequate fluid intake in the first few days
• Prefer soft and lukewarm foods
• Avoid physical exertion for 2–3 days
• Follow prescriptions for antibiotics and painkillers
• Maintain nasal hygiene (nasal irrigation if advised)

Benefits of Adenoidectomy

• Significant improvement in sleep quality
• Resolution of snoring and breathing problems
• Reduction in middle ear infections
• Improved hearing
• Enhanced speech and learning abilities
• Prevention of facial developmental issues
• Overall improvement in quality of life

Frequently Asked Questions

Will the adenoids grow back?

Rarely, residual tissue may regrow, but revision surgery is seldom needed.

At what age can adenoidectomy be performed?

The procedure is typically safe for children aged 2 and above.

Can tonsil removal be done at the same time?

Yes, if clinically indicated, both procedures can be performed in a single session.

How long is the recovery period?

Most children resume normal activities within 3–5 days.

Enlarged adenoids can significantly affect breathing, hearing, and developmental functions in children. Adenoidectomy, when performed under proper indications, positively impacts quality of life, school performance, and social development. When carried out by an experienced ENT specialist using modern techniques, it is a safe and effective surgical treatment.