Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat chronic sinusitis and other nasal cavity disorders. It is particularly preferred for patients with drug-resistant or recurrent sinus infections. This technique utilizes high-resolution endoscopes to directly visualize the sinuses and remove inflamed or obstructive tissue without any external incisions.

What Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is performed to improve airflow, restore mucus drainage, and treat infected or blocked sinuses without disrupting the natural anatomy of the nasal passages. The procedure is done entirely through the nostrils without any cuts on the skin.

Conditions Treated with ESS:

• Chronic sinusitis
• Nasal polyps
• Fungal sinus infections
• Sinus-related visual disturbances
• Sinus headaches
• Mucoceles (cysts inside the sinus)
• Certain skull base tumors

Who Is a Candidate for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

ESS is typically recommended for individuals who:

• Suffer from chronic sinusitis lasting more than 12 weeks
• Do not respond to medications such as antibiotics or corticosteroids
• Experience nasal congestion, postnasal drip, facial pain, and pressure
• Have nasal polyps or recurrent sinus infections

The decision to proceed with surgery must be made by an ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) specialist following an endoscopic examination and CT imaging.

Preoperative Evaluation

• Nasal endoscopy to directly assess nasal structures
• CT scans of the sinuses (paranasal sinus imaging)
• Allergy testing and blood work if needed
• Evaluation of response to medications

Recovery & Postoperative Care

Recovery Timeline:

• Usually performed as an outpatient procedure
• Mild nasal congestion and bloody discharge may occur for 3–7 days
• Full recovery is expected in 2–4 weeks

Postoperative Recommendations:

• Nasal rinses with isotonic saline
• Prescribed sprays or antibiotics
• Avoid strenuous activities for at least 1 week
• Steam inhalation to keep nasal passages moist
• Attend follow-up appointments regularly

Risks and Possible Complications

While Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is generally safe, potential risks include:

• Nasal bleeding
• Infection
• Bruising or swelling around the eyes
• Temporary loss of smell
• Rare complications involving the brain or eyes

Role in Snoring and Sleep Apnea Treatment

ESS may serve as an adjunct to snoring and sleep apnea surgeries. Obstruction in the sinuses can negatively affect nasal breathing, leading to poor sleep quality. When combined with procedures like septoplasty, uvulopalatoplasty, or nasal valve surgery, it can provide lasting relief from snoring.

Which Doctor to Consult?

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery should be performed by an ENT specialist experienced in nasal endoscopy and sinonasal surgery—preferably a rhinologist.

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Is endoscopic sinus surgery painful?

The procedure is painless under general anesthesia. Postoperative discomfort is usually mild and manageable with painkillers.

Will I need nasal packing?

Modern techniques often use soft silicone splints, which are removed in 2–3 days. Some cases may not require packing at all.

When can I return to work?

Most patients return to light-duty work within a week and to physically demanding jobs within 10–14 days.

Is it a permanent solution?

Yes. Once the obstructive tissue is removed and drainage is restored, recurrence of sinusitis is significantly reduced.

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Turkey is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive solution for patients with chronic or recurrent sinus problems. With its high success rate, quick recovery, and comfort, it provides lasting relief and improved quality of life.